2 Chapter 11
by @ahr
45
0
3
Jun 21, 2026
About this deck
This deck includes 45 flashcards covering sentence style, replacing long, long words, and related concepts. Use it to review key Language ideas, focus on weak cards, and prepare for your exam with StudyLess.
Study this deck in StudyLess
Save to your library and review with FSRS spaced repetition.
Flashcards
45 total- 01
How can conciseness be improved by replacing words?
Replace Long Words with Short Ones.
- 02
Example of replacing long words: "advantageous"
helpful
- 03
Example of replacing long words: "procure"
buy
- 04
How can conciseness be improved by removing clichés?
Leave Out Clichés.
- 05
How can conciseness be improved by focusing on verbs?
Put Actions in Verbs.
- 06
Example of wordy vs. concise phrasing for "Confirmation of the contract occurred yesterday."
Wordy: Confirmation of the contract occurred yesterday. Concise: The contract was confirmed yesterday.
- 07
How can conciseness be improved by shortening phrases?
Shorten Wordy Phrases.
- 08
Example of shortening a wordy phrase: "at this point in time"
now
- 09
What are the features of writing that show individuality and adapt to specific situations?
Definition of Style
- 10
What is tone in writing?
Expression of an attitude in your writing.
- 11
What are the two most important sentence parts?
Subject and Verb
- 12
What is a simple sentence?
Contains one main clause.
- 13
What is a compound sentence?
Contains two or more clauses connected by conjunctions.
- 14
What is a complex sentence?
Includes one main clause and at least one dependent clause.
- 15
What is a compound-complex sentence?
Contains at least two main clauses and at least one dependent clause.
- 16
What is a key guideline for sentence style regarding the main point?
Place the Main Point Near the Beginning.
- 17
What is a key guideline for sentence style regarding clauses?
Focus on One Main Clause in Each Sentence.
- 18
What is a key guideline for sentence style regarding length?
Vary Sentence Length but Seek an Average Length of 15–20 words.
- 19
How can conciseness be improved by making writing more direct?
Make Writing More Direct by Reading It Aloud.
- 20
How can conciseness be improved by avoiding certain constructions?
Avoid “There Are,” “It is,” and Similar Constructions.
- 21
How can conciseness be improved by eliminating unnecessary words?
Cut Out Extra Words.
- 22
What is a key principle for accurate wording regarding facts and opinions?
Distinguish Facts from Opinions.
- 23
When should qualifying statements be included?
When Needed.
- 24
How should absolute words be used?
Use Absolute Words Carefully.
- 25
What is the difference between active and passive voice?
Active-voice emphasizes the performer of the action; passive-voice emphasizes the recipient of the action.
- 26
When should the active voice be used?
To emphasize responsibility, stress company names, rewrite top-heavy sentences, and pare down verbiage.
- 27
When should the passive voice be used?
To emphasize the receiver or action, avoid egocentric tones, and break monotony.
- 28
What is sexism in language?
The use of wording, especially masculine pronouns, to represent individuals who could be either men or women.
- 29
Technique for nonsexist language: avoiding personal pronouns.
Avoid Personal Pronouns Altogether.
- 30
Example of sexist vs. non-sexist form using personal pronouns.
Sexist: During his first day on the job, any new employee... must report to doctor for his employment physical. Non-sexist: During the first day on the job, each new employee... must report to the doctor for a physical.
- 31
Technique for nonsexist language: using plural pronouns.
Use Plural Pronouns Instead of Singular.
- 32
Example of sexist vs. non-sexist form using plural pronouns.
Sexist: Each student should submit his assignment by noon. Non-sexist: All the students should submit their assignment by noon.
- 33
Technique for nonsexist language: alternating pronouns.
Alternate Masculine and Feminine Pronouns.
- 34
Technique for nonsexist language: using gender-neutral forms.
Use Forms Like "He or She,” “Hers or His,” and “Him or Her."
- 35
Technique for nonsexist language: shifting pronouns.
Shift to Second-Person Pronouns.
- 36
Technique for nonsexist language: titles and salutations.
Be Especially Careful of Titles and Letter Salutations.
- 37
Example of sexist vs. non-sexist salutation: "Dear Miss Asma"
Sexist: Dear Miss Asma. Non-sexist: Dear Ms. Asma.
- 38
Example of sexist vs. non-sexist salutation: "Dear Sir"
Sexist: Dear Sir. Non-sexist: Attention: Admission Committee.
- 39
What is Plain English recommended for?
United States government documents.
- 40
What are general guidelines for Plain English?
Audience awareness, good document design, effective use of headings, clear organization.
- 41
What are style recommendations for Plain English?
Use active voice, put actions in strong verbs, use 'you' to speak directly to the reader, use short sentences, use concrete words, use simple and compound sentences.
- 42
What are further style recommendations for Plain English?
Use subject-verb structure, make sure modifiers are clear, use parallel structure for parallel ideas, avoid wordiness.
- 43
What is the purpose and audience for Simplified English?
Designed for a global audience where English is a second language, aiding translation.
- 44
What does Simplified English recommend regarding sentence structure and vocabulary?
Simplified sentence structure and limited vocabulary.
- 45
Specific recommendations for Simplified English.
Use only approved words, one word per meaning, one meaning per word, active voice, strong verbs, articles/demonstrative adjectives, avoid strings of more than three nouns, use short sentences.
Related decks
Make your own deck.
Snap a photo of your notes and StudyLess generates flashcards in seconds, then schedules every review backward from your exam date.