American Society

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This deck includes 31 flashcards covering new jim, jim crow, projected percentage, and related concepts. Use it to review key Physics ideas, focus on weak cards, and prepare for your exam with StudyLess.

1. 01

   Projected percentage of White, non-Hispanic population in the US (1990, 2000, 2025, 2050)

   1990: 75.7%, 2000: 69.1%, 2025: 62.4%, 2050: 52.8%

2. 02

   Projected percentage of Black population in the US (1990, 2000, 2025, 2050)

   1990: 12.3%, 2000: 12.1%, 2025: 14.2%, 2050: 15.4%

3. 03

   Projected percentage of Hispanic origin population in the US (1990, 2000, 2025, 2050)

   1990: 9.0%, 2000: 12.5%, 2025: 17.5%, 2050: 24.5%

4. 04

   What were the US Census 2000 questions regarding race and Hispanic origin?

   Question 5: Is this person Spanish/Hispanic/Latino? (Yes/No, with specific origin options). Question 6: What is this person's race? (Mark one or more: White, Black, American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander, Some other race, with specific sub-categories for Asian and Pacific Islander).

5. 05

   What historical events shaped race relations in the US?

   Genocide and Geographical Displacement, Full citizenship granted in 1924, Slavery and Jim Crow Laws, 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act.

6. 06

   What is the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

   Prohibited discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.

7. 07

   What is the significance of the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

   Outlawed discriminatory voting practices, particularly those that disenfranchised African Americans.

8. 08

   What is the significance of the Civil Rights Act of 1968?

   Also known as the Fair Housing Act, it prohibited discrimination concerning the sale, rental, and financing of housing based on race, religion, national origin, and sex.

9. 09

   Is racial discrimination a thing of the past?

   While overt forms may have decreased, discrimination persists in areas like residential segregation, biases in the criminal justice system, and job discrimination.

10. 10

    What is 'steering' in housing discrimination?

    Real estate agents guide prospective buyers towards or away from certain neighborhoods based on their race or ethnicity.

11. 11

    What is 'paired testing' in housing discrimination research?

    An experimental method where individuals with similar qualifications but different racial backgrounds are sent to inquire about housing to detect discriminatory practices.

12. 12

    US incarceration rate per 100,000 population (2006 data)

    United States: 737

13. 13

    Incarceration rate per 100,000 for selected nations (2006 data)

    Russia: 611, South Africa: 335, Israel: 209, Mexico: 196, England and Wales: 148, Australia: 126, China: 118, Canada: 107, Germany: 95, France: 85, Sweden: 82, Japan: 62, India: 30.

14. 14

    Incarceration rates by race and ethnicity in the US (2010)

    White: 380 per 100,000, Latino: 966 per 100,000, Black: 2,207 per 100,000.

15. 15

    Black-to-white disparity in prison sentences for drug offenses (1983-2003)

    The ratio increased significantly, peaking around 18:1 in the early 2000s.

16. 16

    Black-to-white disparity in prison sentences for violent crime (1983-2003)

    The ratio remained relatively stable, around 4:1 to 6:1.

17. 17

    What is the central argument of Michelle Alexander's 'The New Jim Crow'?

    The US has created a new caste system through the War on Drugs and mass incarceration, disproportionately targeting African Americans and stripping them of rights and opportunities, similar to the Jim Crow era.

18. 18

    How many more African-Americans are under correction control today than were enslaved in 1850, according to Alexander?

    More African-Americans are under correction control today than were enslaved in 1850.

19. 19

    How many African-American men were disenfranchised in 2004 compared to 1870, according to Alexander?

    More African-American men were disenfranchised in 2004 than in 1870.

20. 20

    What is a criticism of the 'New Jim Crow' analogy regarding historical origins?

    The analogy presents an incomplete account of mass incarceration's historical origins.

21. 21

    What is a criticism of the 'New Jim Crow' analogy regarding focus?

    The analogy ignores violent crimes while focusing almost exclusively on drug crimes, and fails to consider black attitudes toward crime and punishment.

22. 22

    What is a criticism of the 'New Jim Crow' analogy regarding class and race?

    The analogy obscures class distinctions within the African American community and overlooks the effects of mass incarceration on other racial groups.

23. 23

    What was the research design for studying labor market discrimination?

    Over 5000 fictitious resumes were sent to 1300 job listings in Chicago and Boston, and call-back rates were measured.

24. 24

    Results of the resume study on labor market discrimination (higher quality resumes)

    White names: 11% call-back rate; Black names: 6.7% call-back rate.

25. 25

    Results of the resume study on labor market discrimination (lower quality resumes)

    White names: 8.5% call-back rate; Black names: 6.2% call-back rate.

26. 26

    Intermarriage Trend, 1980-2010: New marriages

    1980: 3.2%, 1990: 4.5%, 2000: 6.8%, 2010: 8.4%

27. 27

    Intermarriage Trend, 1980-2010: All marriages

    1980: 5.7%, 1990: 6.7%, 2000: 10%, 2010: 15.1%

28. 28

    Percentage of people who believe more people of different races marrying each other is a change for the better (All adults)

    43%

29. 29

    Percentage of people who believe more people of different races marrying each other is a change for the worse (All adults)

    11%

30. 30

    Percentage of people who believe more people of different races marrying each other is no different (All adults)

    44%

31. 31

    William Julius Wilson's (1978) theory on the 'declining significance of race'

    The lives of disadvantaged African Americans are increasingly shaped by class realities rooted in urban economic structures and labor markets, rather than directly by racial exclusion and domination.